Method and apparatus for gaging temperatures.



L. MORSE, Aorfr'imiaANsaune, NEW Yoan, assIeNoa' y THIRD To HENRY n. wEsnNeHoUss, or NEW Yoan, N. Y.

L No. 836,594.

` .'l'o al whom/ it may concern: A Y

' Be it known that I, FRANK L. MORSE, a citizen of theUnited States, r-esidinginTrumans-v Y bu'r, county of Tompkins, and State of New Yor have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method andApparatus l for Gagi'ng Tem eratures, of which the following is a spec' cation;

This invention relates to the method and lo apparatus for -measurin or gaging the temperature of things whic have the property of changing their color with d iiierent degrees of heat, and it is particularly aplicable to gaging the temperature of meta s in harden- I ing, annealing, tempering, and otherwise worklng or manipulating t metal. In the working of metalsuch as iron and steel, for exam e-it is necessary that the metal be broug Vt to certainldegrees of tem- 2o perature in order that it may be vsubjected to certain operations or modes of treatment-With.

the best results. It has also been found that with metals, such as iron and steel, which when heated above a certain temperature 2 5 become incandescent and emit alight of their own the different degrees or shades of color always correspond with certain degrees of temperature or, in other words, that a metal heated to a certain shade of red always corref 3o spends with the same temperature.

rie in accordance with the character of the work to be tested.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows one .form of a device embo ying my invention for testinlthe tem eratures of small pieces of metal w 'ch may ereadily mani 4'ulat'ed by hand, while Fig. 2 illustrates t e invention adapted for use with large pieces of .metal not so readilyhandled; and Fig. 3 rep- 5o resents in elevation and vertical transverse section one form oflens or flask that may be usd to produce lights of different shades of speen-cation of Letten Patent Application ma om., 1Q, isos. maar. 117.185."

` V.According to theform of device which is j l graphically represented in Figi acasin 4 is n 55 .A .y

'lamp 11, whi

raeaaudauiysgisoa provided with an o, ening 8, through-w small pieces of meta to be tested may be 1n serted. by means of tongs 10 or in an other suitablewa" The wall of the casing crn'lsA a.v

ba'ckgrtu'n 5 .which may be illuminated by s f anyfsuitable 'glhig such as an incandescent c is preferably shielded and may be inclosed in a tubular extension 6 of the casing, so as to throwits light upon the background and upon the article o'r metal to 65 be tested. Another tubular extension7,havf

ving a sight-opening 9, is provided for inspection purposes and is preferablys'o 'arranged that the view is in line with the illuminated background and the metal to be tested. The. 7o l background ispreferably of some neutral tint-#such as gra for vexanqlee--a'nd any suitable color may e displayed tl ereon and on the metal to be tested in accordance with that which the metal must show when heated to the desired vtemperature. ,For this p ose a suitable colored medium 12, such as g ass,

i either plain orin the form. of a lens, may be inte osed between the source of light 11 land the ackground. This colored medium is 8o standardized for a certain tem erature, and I it is the color of this medium t at furnishes" the standard color to the background or' ield 3 which is illuminated by said colored light,

whereby to gage' the temperature of the arti# 85 l cle or metal to be tested. When the article. is inserted intol this field of colored light between the4 illuminated background and the colored medium, so that the light falls upon. a portion only of the article, comparison may 9o be made between the article and the background or between the shades of color .of the two parts of the article itself, and 1 these :ppearuniform with no shadow or hne of emarcation between the part within the illuminated field and the part withoutsai'd ield then thetemperature of said article will corres nd with that ofthe standardized color. This standardized medium may consist cfa.

,transparent flask containing a colored liquid, vwe

if desired. I have devise a compound or y multi le iiask in which are com artments containing liquids of different sgh es of color representing, respectively, different stand` ards. Such iiaski illustrated in Fig. 3.

It los l consists of two plates of plain glass 16 and l'7 betweenwhich' is cemented a. sheet' of rubber or other suitable material ,f through which apred, or they maybe o f other desired standard shades of any Suitable color.V

A'Ihe invention may be ada Vted to keep a watch upon steel, -for example, While being forged or rolled. VOne way of doing this is illustrated in Fig. 2, wherein 19. represents rolls and 20aI bai-'of steelpassing throught e light is thrown in a manner such that the ob'- server or workman may look at the steel and beyond it see the illuminated -bac and thereby accurately determine the instant when the temperature of the steel falls below the desired temperature at which it is to be worked. Upon said backgroundseveral eld's or areas of dierent colors may bes-projected, substantially as' indicated in Fig. 2 wherein 2 5 by the instruments at 21 22 and 23 fields of three different shades o color may be produced, as at 24, 25, and 26,'respectively. This will enable the workman to watchsa particular portion of the bar 20 `as it passes tog or from the rolls. The multiple flask. of 3 would serve well in such an arrangement as that 'ust described, and by it a workman may ring a piece of work to one of the particular shades of color or to a point between two diii'erent shades.- vIn Fig. 2 the background may be under or back of thebar to be tested, so that the bar itself passes through one or more of the illu-l minated fields 24, 25, and 26 of colored light, and in this way color of the bailmay be compared not only with that of thestandardized colorsv of the di'erent illuminated backgrounds, but also with other arts of itself which are bathed in the rays o the differentcolored elds.

Various other modifications of apparatus may be made for adapting this invention to dilierent forms of work, while at the same time emplo the essential features of vmy invention, whic comprise an means for prol jecting a light through a stan ardized colored medium, t us forming a beam oreld o f colored light for illuminat' a background or a portion of the article to tested, whereby i'. 5'5 the heated article may becompared with the standardized color.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let# 6o 1. In an apparatus for temperatures, a background in position to be viewed means for resentirg before said backgroun a thing to e teste and means for bathing the surface of said background nearest the 65 to be tested'with rays of light of a suitound,

ture thro h which a thing'to ma v ed in front' ofthe background,

and to "e1-mit the .object to be compared to be illuminated with the standardizedfcolor.

comprising a translucent co 'dium upon a bac vable color to 'cause said surface Ain 'reilectirg sa1d rays to appear to-be ofthe desired stan A `ardized color'.y i

2. In'an apparatus for' Ag tempera` tures, abackvround of a neutrg located 1n tion :to permit the ob'ectA to 'be viewed to e interposed between t eeye of.

the observer and said background, and means for bathing said background vin a beam of light Vadapted-to illuminate saidbackgrgund 15 t ere-` Y. by provadliyi a @1d of View of' the sind i j h standarf color by whichzto-gage the.tem".

rolls. .Preferably at the side of therollsis located the background 5, 'onto which colored with the color reiuired for comparison peratureof the"v desired.

3. In an apparatus forl agingftemperaftures, a provided aadapted for urnination andwithan apai-,4

be insert opening through which-said background-may be viewed, the means for projectingu n said bac onnd a standardizedr'color wit, 'rvwhich the to be testedmay vbe,directly.compare 4'. In an ap aratns for g tures, al iiask fr containin acolored iiud 1 .consisting of two plates-'of gass cemented to' the opposite faces of a sheet whiehis imper- 'vious to iuid and is (provided-withamaperv ture the mi tacle for said' fluid.

5. In an apparatus for gag'ng temperatures, a muitp 'e flask 'consisting of adevice provided with asuccessicn of tr ntretacles with liquid-s of diierent-standd shades ofthe same color for the purdle to form therecep-A pose set forth.-

6; In an apparatus for temperatures, a background adapter? for illumination therewit to be interposedl between thaeye and said background, and means for illumi# nating said background so asl to cause the same to present a series of fields, each presenting dilerent'shades of standardized color of such character as to permit comparison of nlrticiallyeheatedobject withvsaid color- 7. In an yapparatus for gaging.. temper tures, aback'ground of a neutral color in position tol permit the thing'to betested to be interposed between the background and the eye, a source of light and a translucent color medium interposed between the-background and the light and adapted to cause the same 8. An apparatusl for gaging temperatures,

ormedium, means for projecting rays of 4light through said mekground, and means lfor in' sertin the article to Vbe testedinto said rays A or liel of colored light between the eye and said background, y

'9. An apparatus for gaging' temperamres,

comprising a translucentco r 13e 'color andv 7o roo I as

for projeoting rays ofliglitthroughvsaid meperature of a hghly-heated article,A which `:s l

chum, 'and means forinserting the articleto consists in imparting to light-rays a standlbe tested 'nto the field of View and bathing af ardized color, projecting saidl rays upon a l Eortion of said article in said rays of colored portion ofthe heated article, and -eomparix l 1 i. 3 ght. theo'olor of the portion ofthe article 'vb-ath -1 10. An apparatus for gaing temperatures; in the4 colored light with the other portion of zo comprisngatranslucentco "ormed.ium,means the-article. v for projecting rays oflight through said me- In' testimony whereof I have hereunto set n ium',?ba1ckgo111m} 1i to be illuninated hys'alild my hand'. El a rays o co ore t, means or insert'` t e 1 2 miele to be asf-d in the field of vivgand FRANK L# MORSE bathing a. portion of said article in said V':ol- Witnesses: L; ored` ra DAVID B.- PERRY, yf 11. '518e method o f'determining the 4-terrl- JOHN S. WHITE. Y

n l i 

